Thursday, September 10, 2015

Dynamic Geometry Problem 1148: Right Triangle, Circle, Incircle, Circumcircle, Tangent, Radius. GeoGebra, Tablets

Geometry Problem. GeoGebra, HTML5 Animation for iPad and Nexus.
Post your solution in the comments box below.

Level: Mathematics Education, High School, Honors Geometry, College.

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Online Geometry Problem 902: Triangle, Four Squares, Center, Concurrent Lines. GeoGebra, HTML5 Animation for iPad and more tablets

14 comments:

  1. From triangle BA2C2, we can write: A1O!/BC2 =A1A2/BA2 or (r2 -r1)/r2 =r1/r2 which yields, r2 -r1 =r1 or
    r2 =2*r1

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    Replies
    1. Ạjit

      The statement " A1O1/BC2 =A1A2/BA2 " ís true if points A2, O1 , C2 are collinear .
      Not clear how points A2, O1 , C2 are collinear.
      I note that your solution don't use the given data " Circle O2 tangent to arc AC" . Please explain.

      Peter Tran

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    2. Dear Ajit

      Did u assume that O1 is the centre of square BA2O2C2? If so how?

      Also your solution does not seem to use the given data that circles O and O2 are internally tangent. Could u kindly clarify?

      Delete
  2. Algebra solution:
    Let O2C2= x
    And AB= C, BC= a and AC= b
    We have BO2= x.sqrt(2)
    Let ∠(OBC) = θ
    In triangle OBO2 we have OO2^2=OB^2+O2B^2-2. OB.O2B. cos(45- θ)……..(1)
    Replace sin(θ)= c/b , cos(θ)= a/b
    OB= b/2 in (1) we have
    OO2^2= b^2/4+2.x^2-x.(a+c)….. (2)
    Since circle (O2, x) tangent to circle (O, b/2) so
    OO2= b/2-x or OO2^2= b^2/4+x^2-b.x….. ( 3)
    Compare (2) and (3) we will have x= a+c- b= 2.r1

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  3. If BC=a; AB=b; C= diameter of circle O=R=C/2; r1= In-radium; C2O2 = r2 ; b=√(c^2-a^2 )
    If r2 = 2 r1, centrum of r2 is O2 on the square C2BA2O2; We know that r1=(a.b)/(a+b+c) ;
    Now we have just to try to show that r2 in o2 is tangent to circle O, if so the point B2O2O are necessary 1/2congruent.
    We pose R= r2 +O2O in which O2O is the hypotenuse of triangle ODO2 and O2O =√(OD^2+〖DO2〗^2 ) in
    Which CD= a/2-2r1 and DO2 =2r1 –b/2; so O2O=[ (a/2-2r1)2+(2r1-b/2)]1/2 in which
    2r1=2a√(c^2-a^2 )/a+c+√(c^2-a^2 )
    We can show that for every C and every a (a<C) that we introduce in the last formula we have
    R= C/2=2r1 +O2 O and therefore r2=2r1 is tangent to A2,B2,C2
    Replay

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  4. My thinking was: BC2B1A2 is a square of which BB1 & A2C2 are diagonals that intersect in O1 given that BC2=BA2=r2 (tangents to O2 from B). Hence etc

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  5. For convenience of typing denote in-radius r1 by r, radius r2 of circle O2 by s
    In the usual notation, it is well-known that 2R = b, r = (a + c – b)/2
    Referred to lines BC, BA as axes , O = (a/2 , c/2), O1 = (r, r), O2 = (s, s)
    Due to tangency OO2 = (b/2) – s
    Using distance formula:
    [(b/2) – s)]^2 = IOO2I^2 = [(a/2) - s]^2 + [(c/2 - s]^2 which simplifies to
    s^2 = ( c + a – b) s = 2 r s
    Hence s = 2 r

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  6. Note first that OO2B2 are collinear as well as BO1O2.

    In centre of Tr. ABC = r1 = 1/2(b+c-a) and r = b/2 where r is the circumradius of Right Tr. ABC. Draw OM perpendicular to O2A2.

    Consider right Tr. MOO2.

    OO2 = r - r2, MO2 = r2 - c/2, MO = a/2 - r2
    Now applying Pythagoras
    (b/2 - r2)^2 = (a - r2)^2 + (r2 - c/2)^2. Simplifying ;
    r2^2 - (a+c-b)r2 + (c^2 + a^2 - b^2)/4 = 0

    The 3rd term in the above equation is zero since ABC is a right Tr.
    So r2 = a+c-b = 2r1

    Sumith Peiris
    Moratuwa
    Sri Lanka

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  7. Note - the general formula for the inradius r1 = area / s where s is the semi perimeter.

    So r1 = bc/s. Multiplying numerator and denominator by a+c-b and simplifying we arrive at r1 = 1/2 (a+c-b) which is the formula I used above though computing in a much simpler way using the fact that < B = 90

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  8. Dear Antonio - do u have a simpler method to prove this? With an auxiliary construction?

    Rgds

    Sumith

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  9. Dear Sumith,
    My solution is like yours

    1. Poncelet theorem a + c - b = 2r1
    2. Tangent circles: line of centers: b/2 – r2
    3. Triangle Mid-segment theorem: a/2, b/2, c/2
    4. Pythagorean theorem a^2+b^2 = c^2

    Probably we need to find a new auxiliary construction for another elegant solution.

    Thanks
    Antonio

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  10. O1 is the center of the square BA2O2C2. So O2A2 = 2 O1A1 etc

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