Wednesday, April 25, 2012

Problem 742: Scalene Triangle, Orthocenter, Centroid, Circumcenter, Circumradius, Midpoint, Distance, Square, Metric Relations.

Geometry Problem
Level: Mathematics Education, High School, Honors Geometry, College.

Click the figure below to see the problem 742 details.

Online Geometry Problem 742: Scalene Triangle, Orthocenter, Centroid, Circumcenter, Circumradius, Midpoint, Distance, Square, Metric Relations.

2 comments:

  1. http://img831.imageshack.us/img831/7235/problem742.png

    Denote Vec(XY)= vector XY and Proj(XY)= algebraic projection length of vector XY over line HO
    1. OGH is Euler line of triangle ABC so
    O,G,H are collinear and OG= 1/2HG=MG ……( Property of Euler line)

    2. G is centroid of triangle ABC so Vec(GA)+Vec(GB)+Vec(GC)=Vec(0)
    And Proj(GA)+Proj(GB)+Proj(GC)=0 …..( property of Centroid)

    3. GB is a median of triangle OBM => MB^2-BO^2= b^2-R^2=2.MO.Proj(GB)
    Similarly with triangle OMC we have MC^2-CO^2=c^2-R^2=2.MO.Proj(GC)
    And with Triangle OMA we have MA^2-AO^2=a^2-R^2=2.MO.Proj(GA)
    Add each side of above 3 lines b^2+c^2+a^2-3.R^2=2MO.( Proj(GA)+Proj(GB)+Proj(GC))= 0
    So a^2+b^2+c^2=3R^2

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  2. Let E be the midpoint of AC
    ∆BGH~∆EGO
    => BH/EO = BG/GE = 2 (Median Property)
    => BH = 2EO = 2R cos B (Note OA = R and ∠AOE = (1/2)∠AOC =B)
    => BH²=4R²cos²B=4R²(1−sin²B)=4R²−AC² (note AC/sin B = 2R)
    Next BG²=[(2/3)BE]²=(4/9)BE²=(2/9)(2BE²)
    But AB²+BC²=2[BE²+EC²]=2BE²+(AC²/2) (Note EC=(1/2)AC
    So 2BE²=AB²+BC²-(AC²/2) and
    BG²= (2/9) [AB²+BC²−(AC ²/2)]
    BM is a median of ∆BGH
    So BH²+BG²=2BM²+2MG²
    Now MG =(1/2)HG = (1/2)(2/3)HO (note G trisects HO as 2:1)
    = (1/3)HO
    So MG² = (1/9)HO² = (1/9)(9R²−AB²−BC²−AC²) using a well-known result
    Thus 2b² = 2BM²= BH² + BG² − 2MG²
    = 4R²−AC²+(2/9)[AB²+BC²−(AC²/2)]−(2/9)(9R²−AB²−BC²−AC²)
    = 2R²−[1+(1/9)−(2/9)]AC²+[(2/9)+(2/9)]BC²+[(2/9)+(2/9)]AB²
    =2R²−(8/9)AC²+(4/9)BC²+(4/9)AB²
    So b²=R²−(2/9)(2AC²−BC²−AB²)
    Similarly
    c²=R²−(2/9)(2AB²−AC²−BC²) and
    a²=R²−(2/9)(2BC²−AB²−AC²)
    Hence a²+b²+c²=3R²

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