Friday, January 27, 2012

Problem 722: Squares, Circumscribed Circles, Collinearity

Geometry Problem
Level: Mathematics Education, High School, Honors Geometry, College.

Click the figure below to see the problem 722 details.

Online Geometry Problem 722: Squares, Circumscribed Circles, Collinearity

9 comments:

  1. http://img832.imageshack.us/img832/7080/problem722.png
    in circle O’ angle(HDF)= angle (HEF)---- (both face the same arc)
    in triangle OO’D angle (HDF)= angle (O’OD)= ½ angle (DOH) = angle (HAD)
    so angle (AED)+ angle (HEF)= angle (AED)+ angle (HAD)=90
    so angle (AEH)= angle (DEF)+90=180 >> A,E,H collinear

    ReplyDelete
  2. Peter, the following statement is true only if A,E & H are collinear
    "in triangle OO’D angle (HDF)= angle (O’OD)= ½ angle (DOH) = angle (HAD)"
    How can we assume this to be true? Kindly explain.

    ReplyDelete
  3. The circles (O) and (O’) are orthogonal
    since ∠ODO' is a right angle,
    being the sum of ∠ODC and ∠O'DE,
    each of which is 45°.
    BHF is a straight line, since diameters BOD and DO'F
    each subtends a right angle at H.
    Thus in the right ΔBDF, we have DH ⊥ BF.
    So ΔDHF and ΔBHD are similar.
    Let ∠EAD be x.
    Let a, b be the side lengths of
    the squares ABCD and DEFG resp.
    tan ∠HEF = tan ∠HDF = tan ∠DBH
    = tan ∠DBF = DF / DB
    = b √2 / a √2 = b/a
    = ED/AD = b/a = tan x
    Follows ∠HEF = x = ∠EAD and
    A, E, H are collinear.

    ReplyDelete
  4. http://img31.imageshack.us/img31/8017/problem7221.png
    Thanks Ajit for your comment.
    Below is my clarification and correction of my previous solution ( see picture for detail)
    in circle O’ angle (HDF)= angle (MDO’)=angle (HEF)---- (both angles face the same arc)
    Note that triangles OO’D, AED and DEF are right triangles and OO’ is the perpendicular bisector of DH
    Triangles AOD and DO’E are isosceles right triangles and DE/DO’=AD/DO= sqrt(2)
    And triangle ODO’ similar to triangle ADE ---- (case SAS)
    So angle (O’OD)= angle (EAD)= angle (MDO’)= angle (HEF) and angle (AED)= angle (MO’D)
    Since angle (MDO’) supplement to angle (MO’D) so angle (HEF) supplement to angle (AED)
    so angle (AEH)= angle (DEF)+90=180 >> A,E,H collinear

    ReplyDelete
  5. A much simpler, albeit less elegant proof goes like this:

    In triangle DHE, angle CHE is 90° becaue C,HG are collinear (previous question) and angle AHG is 90°.

    Drawing triangle ACH yields that angle DHA=90° (AC diameter, H point on circumf)

    So we have CHA =90° and CHE=90° which implies the E lies on AH

    ReplyDelete
  6. ABCH is cyclic hence <EHC=90.
    <BAE=90-<EAD implying that<ECH=180-90+<EAD-90=<EAD
    Therefore,
    <ECH=<EAD
    <EDA=<EHC=90
    This implies that <CEH=<AED.
    A,E,H are collinear

    ReplyDelete
  7. < EHD = < EFD = 45

    In cyclic quadrilateral ACHD < ACD = 45 = < AHD = 45. But < EHD = 45. So AEH must be collinear

    Sumith Peiris
    Moratuwa
    Sri Lanka

    ReplyDelete
  8. From this it is also easy to see that CHG are collinear

    ReplyDelete
  9. <HEF=<EAD (corr. <s EF//AG)
    <EAD+<AED=90
    <HEF+<AED=90
    <HEF+<AED+<DEF=180
    AEH is a st. line

    ReplyDelete