Wednesday, February 18, 2009

Problem 14: Triangle, Cevian, Midpoint, Angles

Proposed Problem
Problem 14: Triangle, Cevian, Midpoint, Angles.

See complete Problem 14 at:
http://gogeometry.com/problem/problem014.htm

Level: High School, SAT Prep, College geometry

Post your solutions or ideas in the comments.

12 comments:

  1. WLOG one may assume D:(0,0), A:(-1,0), C:(1,0). Let angle BCA = m and angle BAC=angle CBD = 2m
    Thus angle BDA = 3m. Further, let tan(m)=t
    Now, DB: y =(-tan3m)x =-x(3t-t^3)/(1-3t^2)
    CB:y=(1-x)t which give B as((3t^2-1)/2(t2+1),(3t-t^3)/2(t2+1)) while A is (-1,0). hence slope BA=
    (3t-t^3)/(5t^2+1) which as we know is tan(2m)=2t/(1-t^2). The equation obtained: (3t-t^3)/(5t^2+1)=2t/(1-t^2) has five solutions of which the only admissible solution is t=0.2679491924 which gives m=15 deg. Thus, angle BCA = 15 deg.
    Alternatively, in triangle ABD, AD/BD =sin(5m)/sin(2m) while triangle BDC gives, CD/BD=sin(2m)/sin(m). Since AD=CD, we can say that sin(5m)/sin(2m)=sin(2m)/sin(m) which can be solved to get m=15 deg as before.
    Now, having proven my bonafides, can someone please show me how such problems can be solved more elegantly by plane geometry alone?
    Ajit: ajitathle@gmail.com

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  2. http://geometri-problemleri.blogspot.com/2009/05/problem-21-ve-cozumu.html

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  3. http://ahmetelmas.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/cozumlu-ornekler.pdf

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  4. the solution is uploaded to the following link:
    https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B6XXCq92fLJJS2NfODE5ZmEwNkU

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  5. CE perpendicular to AB and BE=EH. So , angle AHC=3x. Because, angle BDA=3x ,
    BDCH , is a cyclic quadrilateral , therefore , angle BHD=x. The triangle AEC, is rectangular and AD=DC. So, ED=DA=DC, and angle BED=2x, therefore, angle EDH=x. So ,DE=EH=EB .Then angle BDH=90 degrees and 3x+2x+x=90 .Therefore x=15 degrees.
    image : http://img248.imageshack.us/img248/8017/geogebra4.png

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  6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikWNS9tpYJY

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  7. Assume length of AC=2
    Note triangle ABC and BDC are similar.
    AC/BC=BC/DC
    2/BC=BC/1
    Hence BC=√2

    Construct point E which lies on BC and <EDC=90. By joining AE, triangle EBA is again similar to ABC and BDC, and EA=EC.Let length of AE and EC=a
    AC/BC=AE/AB
    2/√2=AE/AB
    AB=a/√2

    BC/AB=AB/BE
    √2/AB=AB/BE
    BE=AB^2/√2
    BE=(a/√2)^2/√2
    BE=(√2)a^2/4

    BE+EC=√2
    (√2)a^2/4 + a - √2=0 (quadratic equation)
    a=1.03527618
    In triangle EDC,
    cos x=1/a
    x=15

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  8. Let BE be perpendicular to AC, E on AC. Extend CA to F so that BF = BC. Let BE = h

    Then 2a^2 = b^2 ......(1) since BC is a tangent to circle ABD

    Also AF = AB = c and so AE = (b-c)/2 and hence CE = (b+c)/2 ......(2)

    Therefore
    h^2 = a^2 - {(b+c)/2}^2 = c^2 - {(b-c)/2)^2} and so 2a^2 = 2c^2 + 2bc = b^2 ...(2) upon substituting for 2a^2 from (1)

    Therefore h^2 = c^2 - {(b-c)/2)^2} = c^2 - (1/4)(b^2 - 2bc + c^2) = c^2 - 3c^2/4 = c^2/4

    So h = c/2 and hence ABE is a 30-60-90 Triangle and 2x = 30 and x = 15

    Sumith Peiris
    Moratuwa
    Sri Lanka

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  9. Consider triangle BCD
    sin2x/CD=sinx/BD
    CD=BDsin2x/sinx

    Consider triangle ABD
    sin2x/BD=sin5x/AD
    AD=BDsin5x/sin2x

    CD=AD
    sin2x/sinx=sin5x/sin2x
    2cosxsin2x=sin5x
    sin3x+sinx=sin5x
    sin5x-sin3x=sinx
    2cos4xsinx=sinx
    2cos4x=1
    cos4x=1/2
    x=15

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  10. Geometry Solution 2

    Let the bisector of <CBD meet AC at E. Let the foot of the perpendicular from B to AC be F.

    Then AB = BE = CE = c, DE = b/2-c and DF = c/2

    Tr.s BCD & ABC are similar so a/(b/2) = b/a = c/d so b = a.srqt2 and d = c.sqrt2

    Hence Tr. BFD is right isosceles and < ADB = 3x = 45

    Therefore x = 15

    Sumith Peiris
    Moratuwa
    Sri Lanka

    ReplyDelete